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SQL LEFT JOIN 關鍵字

SQL LEFT JOIN 關鍵字

LEFT JOIN 關鍵字從左表(table1)返回所有的行,即使右表(table2)中沒有匹配。 如果右表中沒有匹配,則結果為NULL。

SQL LEFT JOIN 語法

SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table1
LEFT JOIN table2
ON table1.column_name = table2.column_name ;

或:

SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table1
LEFT OUTER JOIN table2
ON table1.column_name = table2.column_name ;

註釋:在某些數據庫中,LEFT JOIN稱為LEFT OUTER JOIN。

SQL LEFT JOIN


演示數據庫

在本教程中,我們將使用w3big 樣本數據庫。

下面是選自"Websites" 表的數據:

+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| id | name         | url                       | alexa | country |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| 1  | Google       | https://www.google.cm/    | 1     | USA     |
| 2  | 淘宝          | https://www.taobao.com/   | 13    | CN      |
| 3  | 本教程      | http://www.w3big.com/    | 4689  | CN      |
| 4  | 微博          | http://weibo.com/         | 20    | CN      |
| 5  | Facebook     | https://www.facebook.com/ | 3     | USA     |
| 7  | stackoverflow | http://stackoverflow.com/ |   0 | IND     |
+----+---------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+

下面是"access_log" 網站訪問記錄表的數據:

mysql> SELECT * FROM access_log;
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
| aid | site_id | count | date       |
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
|   1 |       1 |    45 | 2016-05-10 |
|   2 |       3 |   100 | 2016-05-13 |
|   3 |       1 |   230 | 2016-05-14 |
|   4 |       2 |    10 | 2016-05-14 |
|   5 |       5 |   205 | 2016-05-14 |
|   6 |       4 |    13 | 2016-05-15 |
|   7 |       3 |   220 | 2016-05-15 |
|   8 |       5 |   545 | 2016-05-16 |
|   9 |       3 |   201 | 2016-05-17 |
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

SQL LEFT JOIN 實例

下面的SQL 語句將返回所有網站及他們的訪問量(如果有的話)。

以下實例中我們把Websites 作為左表,access_log 作為右表:

實例

SELECT Websites.name, access_log.count, access_log.date
FROM Websites
LEFT JOIN access_log
ON Websites.id=access_log.site_id
ORDER BY access_log.count DESC;

執行以上SQL 輸出結果如下:

註釋: LEFT JOIN關鍵字從左表(Websites)返回所有的行,即使右表(access_log)中沒有匹配。