Scala List (list)

Scala List (list)

Scala collections

Scala list is similar to an array, they are the same type of all the elements, but they are different: The list is immutable, the value can not be changed once they are defined, followed by a list with recursive structure (that is, the link table structure) and an array No. .

Element type T can be written as a list of List [T]. For example, the following shows a list of various types:

// 字符串列表
val site: List[String] = List("w3big", "Google", "Baidu")

// 整型列表
val nums: List[Int] = List(1, 2, 3, 4)

// 空列表
val empty: List[Nothing] = List()

// 二维列表
val dim: List[List[Int]] =
   List(
      List(1, 0, 0),
      List(0, 1, 0),
      List(0, 0, 1)
   )

Two basic unit structure of the list isNil and ::

Nil can also be expressed as an empty list.

We can write the above examples are as follows:

// 字符串列表
val site = "w3big" :: ("Google" :: ("Baidu" :: Nil))

// 整型列表
val nums = 1 :: (2 :: (3 :: (4 :: Nil)))

// 空列表
val empty = Nil

// 二维列表
val dim = (1 :: (0 :: (0 :: Nil))) ::
          (0 :: (1 :: (0 :: Nil))) ::
          (0 :: (0 :: (1 :: Nil))) :: Nil

List of Basic Operating

Scala list has three basic operations:

• head returns the first element of the list
• tail returns a list that contains in addition to the other elements of the first element
• isEmpty returns true if the list is empty

For Scala list any operation can be used to express the three basic operations. Examples are as follows:

object Test {
   def main(args: Array[String]) {
      val site = "w3big" :: ("Google" :: ("Baidu" :: Nil))
      val nums = Nil

      println( "第一网站是 : " + site.head )
      println( "最后一个网站是 : " + site.tail )
      println( "查看列表 site 是否为空 : " + site.isEmpty )
      println( "查看 nums 是否为空 : " + nums.isEmpty )
   }
}

Implementation of the above code, the output is:

$ vim Test.scala 
$ scala Test.scala 
第一网站是 : w3big
最后一个网站是 : List(Google, Baidu)
查看列表 site 是否为空 : false
查看 nums 是否为空 : true

Connection List

You can use the::: operator or List. :: :()Method orList.concat ()method to connect two or more lists. Examples are as follows:

object Test {
   def main(args: Array[String]) {
      val site1 = "w3big" :: ("Google" :: ("Baidu" :: Nil))
      val site2 = "Facebook" :: ("Taobao" :: Nil)

      // 使用 ::: 运算符
      var fruit = site1 ::: site2
      println( "site1 ::: site2 : " + fruit )
      
      // 使用 Set.:::() 方法
      fruit = site1.:::(site2)
      println( "site1.:::(site2) : " + fruit )

      // 使用 concat 方法
      fruit = List.concat(site1, site2)
      println( "List.concat(site1, site2) : " + fruit  )
      

   }
}

Implementation of the above code, the output is:

$ vim Test.scala 
$ scala Test.scala 
site1 ::: site2 : List(w3big, Google, Baidu, Facebook, Taobao)
site1.:::(site2) : List(Facebook, Taobao, w3big, Google, Baidu)
List.concat(site1, site2) : List(w3big, Google, Baidu, Facebook, Taobao)

List.fill ()

We can use List.fill () method to create a specified number of repetitions of a list of elements:

object Test {
   def main(args: Array[String]) {
      val site = List.fill(3)("w3big") // 重复 w3big 3次
      println( "site : " + site  )

      val num = List.fill(10)(2)         // 重复元素 2, 10 次
      println( "num : " + num  )
   }
}

Implementation of the above code, the output is:

$ vim Test.scala 
$ scala Test.scala 
site : List(w3big, w3big, w3big)
num : List(2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2)

List.tabulate ()

List.tabulate () method is used to create the list by the given function.

object Test {
   def main(args: Array[String]) {
      // 通过给定的函数创建 5 个元素
      val squares = List.tabulate(6)(n => n * n)
      println( "一维 : " + squares  )

      // 创建二维列表
      val mul = List.tabulate( 4,5 )( _ * _ )      
      println( "多维 : " + mul  )
   }
}

Implementation of the above code, the output is:

$ vim Test.scala 
$ scala Test.scala 
一维 : List(0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25)
多维 : List(List(0, 0, 0, 0, 0), List(0, 1, 2, 3, 4), List(0, 2, 4, 6, 8), List(0, 3, 6, 9, 12))

List.reverse

List.reverse sequence for inverted list, examples are as follows:

object Test {
   def main(args: Array[String]) {
      val site = "w3big" :: ("Google" :: ("Baidu" :: Nil))
      println( "site 反转前 : " + site )

      println( "site 反转前 : " + site.reverse )
   }
}

Implementation of the above code, the output is:

$ vim Test.scala 
$ scala Test.scala 
site 反转前 : List(w3big, Google, Baidu)
site 反转前 : List(Baidu, Google, w3big)

Scala List common methods

The following table lists the Scala List common methods:

scala> val x = List(1)
x: List[Int] = List(1)

scala> val y = 2 +: x
y: List[Int] = List(2, 1)

scala> println(x)
List(1)

scala> val a = List(1)
a: List[Int] = List(1)

scala> val b = a :+ 2
b: List[Int] = List(1, 2)

scala> println(a)
List(1)

scala> l.exists(s => s == "Hah")
res7: Boolean = true

scala> l.filter(s => s.length == 3)
res8: List[String] = List(Hah, WOW)

More ways to refer to the API documentation

Scala collections